Is E331 halal?
E331 is generally considered halal. E331 — Sodium citrates (i) Monosodium citrate (ii) Disodium citrate (iii) Sodium citrate (trisodium citrate) — is used in food as emulsifier, sequestrant, stabiliser. The assessment is straightforward here: E331 is produced from plant or mineral raw materials, a category Islamic dietary law accepts in food. That holds regardless of brand, so a product is not made doubtful by containing E331 alone.
Automated classification, not a religious ruling. No scholar or certification body has reviewed this assessment — always check the product's own halal certification.
What is E331?
Sodium citrates (i) Monosodium citrate (ii) Disodium citrate (iii) Sodium citrate (trisodium citrate). Acidity regulator
Where does E331 come from?
E331 is obtained from plant, mineral or synthetic sources, so it raises no animal-derivation concern on its own.
Sourcing and scholarly views on E331
There is no significant scholarly disagreement over additives like E331. Substances of plant, mineral or synthetic origin are permissible across the schools of Islamic law, under the principle that foods are permitted unless specifically prohibited — the position the European Council for Fatwa and Research applies to plant-derived and synthetic E-numbers. The practical question scholars do raise is cross-contamination during manufacturing, which is a matter for product certification rather than for the additive itself.
- Islamweb fatwa 286777 — the European Council for Fatwa and Research's four-category ruling on E-additives (in Arabic)
- Islamweb fatwa 83073 — ingredients on foods with code numbers: purity and transformation principles
- Islamweb fatwa 219985 — E-numbered preservatives: verification before prohibition (in Arabic)
| Function | Emulsifier, Sequestrant, Stabiliser |
|---|---|
| Is E331 vegetarian? | Suitable for vegetarians |
| Approved in the EU | Yes |
| Food-safety regulator | U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Food safety only — not a halal authority. |
E331 is identified internationally as Codex/INS 331.
EU approval: Yes.
Vegetarian status: Suitable for vegetarians.
Products containing E331
Products in our database that list E331 among their ingredients:
- Coca-Cola Zero Sugar — COCA-COLA SERVICES SA/NV, Coca-Cola (Halal)
- Coca-Cola Zero 500ml — COCA-COLA SERVICES SA/NV (Halal)
- Coca-Cola sans sucres — COCA-COLA SERVICES SA/NV (Halal)
- Sprite 500ml — SPRITE (Halal)
- Hipro citron — Danone (Halal)
- Hippo Fraise — Danone (Halal)
- Activia bifidus cereales 120 g x 4 muesli — Activia, Danone, Activia yoghurt cereals/fibres (Halal)
- Hipro façon stracciatella — Danone (Doubtful (mushbooh))
- Chicorée & Café, RICORÉ® Au Lait, Boîte de 400g — Nestlé, Ricore (Halal)
- PET 2L OASIS TROPICAL — Oasis, Orangina Schweppes France (Halal)
- PET 1.2L MAYTEA PECHE — May Tea (Halal)
- Ice Tea Pêche — Lipton (Halal)
How this verdict was reached
E331 is made from plant or mineral raw materials, with no animal input.
Maintained and reviewed by the Halal & Healthy team. About Halal & Healthy · Read the full methodology
What this is based on
The classification of E331 rests on public records rather than opinion: the Open Food Facts taxonomy supplies the origin signal and the technological function, the UK Food Standards Agency register confirms authorisation status, and Commission Regulation (EU) No 231/2012 defines which raw materials it may legally be made from.
Frequently asked questions
Is E331 halal?
E331 is generally considered halal. E331 — Sodium citrates (i) Monosodium citrate (ii) Disodium citrate (iii) Sodium citrate (trisodium citrate) — is used in food as emulsifier, sequestrant, stabiliser. The assessment is straightforward here: E331 is produced from plant or mineral raw materials, a category Islamic dietary law accepts in food. That holds regardless of brand, so a product is not made doubtful by containing E331 alone.
Where does E331 come from?
E331 is obtained from plant, mineral or synthetic sources, so it raises no animal-derivation concern on its own.
Do all scholars agree on E331?
There is no significant scholarly disagreement over additives like E331. Substances of plant, mineral or synthetic origin are permissible across the schools of Islamic law, under the principle that foods are permitted unless specifically prohibited — the position the European Council for Fatwa and Research applies to plant-derived and synthetic E-numbers. The practical question scholars do raise is cross-contamination during manufacturing, which is a matter for product certification rather than for the additive itself.
How does E331 relate to Codex/INS numbering and regional food-safety rules?
E331 is identified internationally as Codex/INS 331. EU approval: Yes. Vegetarian status: Suitable for vegetarians.
How this verdict was reached
E331 is made from plant or mineral raw materials, with no animal input.
Which additives are related to E331?
Same function — Emulsifier: E339, E340, E341, E400; Same E-number series — Antioxidants and acidity regulators: E330, E332, E329, E333
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